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Showing posts from June, 2020

What is the purpose of keeping tremie pipe’s tip immersed in freshly-placed concrete for about 1m in underwater concreting?

  What is the purpose of keeping tremie pipe’s tip immersed in freshly-placed concrete for about 1m in underwater concreting? The size of tremie pipe is about 300mm with sections having flange couplings fitted with gasket to prevent water leakage. The tremie pipe should be closed initially to prevent water from entering the pipe. It should be designed with sufficient thickness and weight so that it would not be buoyant when empty inside water. The placement of tremie concrete is commenced by putting the closed pipe underwater to the location for concreting, followed by partial filling of tremie pipe with concrete. In order to have tremie concrete flowed out of the pipe, it is necessary to fill the pipe with concrete of sufficient height to overcome the water pressure and frictional head. After that the tremie pipe is raised about 150mm to allow concrete to flow out. To enhance sufficient bonding, each succeeding layer of concrete should be placed before the preceding layer has reached
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WHAT IS BULKAGE OF SAND???

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BULKING OF SAND: The Increase In The Volume Of  Dry Sand Due To Absorption Of Moisture Is Called BULKING OF SAND, Bulking Of Sand Depends On The Quality Of Moisture In The Sand And Also The Size Of The Particles. Five To Eight Percent Of The Increase In The Moisture In The Sand Can Increase The Volume Of Sand Up To 20 To 40 Percent.  TEST PROCEDURE TO DETERMINE BULKING OF SAND: A)         Apparatus:    1)        20 lits, 25 litres measuring boxes (Farmas).   2)         Bucket.  3)        Measuring tape            B)       Material      :       Sand    & Water  C)     Procedure   :  1)      Fill sand loosely in 20 litres, Measuring box and level with wooden log.  2)       Unload the measured sand in 25 litres measuring boxes.  3)       Fill 20-litre box with water up to ¾ heights.  4)       Unload sand from 25 lit box in water in 20 lit box and level properly.  5)      Remove water from top of sand and measure the level of sand at 4 places and take  average depth.  6
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WHY CONCRETE CUBE TEST IS CONDUCTED???WHAT IS THE PROCEDURE???

CONCRETE CUBE TEST DEFINITION: For Determining The Compressive Strength Of Concrete The Concrete Cube Test Is Conducted This Test Give Us An Idea About All The Characteristic Of Concrete. FACTOR ON WHICH COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE DEPENDS: 1)   Water Cement Ratio 2)   Cement Strength 3)   Quality Of Concrete 4)   Quality Control During Production Of Concrete etc. APPARATUS FOR CUBE TEST: 1)   Cube Mould    ( 150MM X 150MM X 150MM) 2)   Temping Rod 16MM Dia, 600MM Long With Bullet Head At Compaction End. 3)   Scoop, Levelling Float, Big G.I Pan (Ghamela), Wheel Berrow, Coten Wast,       Mould Realising Oil, Steel Platform, Hassan Cloth, Measuring Tape. PROCEDURE: A)     Preparation of Cube Moulds  : 1)      All internal faces especially at edges and joints should be cleaned and free from hardened concrete, mortar, dirt etc. 2)    Oiling to be done for both inner and outer side of cube moulds before casting of cubes. 3)     Measure and ver
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WHAT IS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BUILDING DRAINAGE SYSTEM???

PLUMBING                                1)     Water   Supply, Drainage And Sanitation Water   supply, drainage   and sanitation   form   the   main   components   of   normal   plumbing   work   on   a   housing project. 2)    General   Requirements  For  Buildings All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy or use shall be provided   with the supply of potable water which is neither connected with unsafe water   supply nor subject to the hazards of backflow or back-siphonage. Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in    sufficient volume and at pressure adequate to enable them to function satisfactorily under all normal conditions of use. Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted   to use the minimum quantity of water consistent with proper performance and cleaning. Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to prevent dangers from explosion through overheating. Every building having plumbing
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