What is the purpose of keeping tremie pipe’s tip immersed in freshly-placed concrete for about 1m in underwater concreting?

  What is the purpose of keeping tremie pipe’s tip immersed in freshly-placed concrete for about 1m in underwater concreting? The size of tremie pipe is about 300mm with sections having flange couplings fitted with gasket to prevent water leakage. The tremie pipe should be closed initially to prevent water from entering the pipe. It should be designed with sufficient thickness and weight so that it would not be buoyant when empty inside water. The placement of tremie concrete is commenced by putting the closed pipe underwater to the location for concreting, followed by partial filling of tremie pipe with concrete. In order to have tremie concrete flowed out of the pipe, it is necessary to fill the pipe with concrete of sufficient height to overcome the water pressure and frictional head. After that the tremie pipe is raised about 150mm to allow concrete to flow out. To enhance sufficient bonding, each succeeding layer of concrete should be placed before the preceding layer has reached
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WHAT IS THE STANDARD HEIGHTS FOR ELECTRICAL POINTS??

Standard Heights for Electrical Point

The standard heights for electrical points to be provided at the below given heights in the flats:

a) Bracket Light: 2200 mm above SFL (Except for kitchen; light point above main door & light point above window - where it shall be 2600mm)

b) Switch boards near doors:1200 mm above SFL.

c) (i) 5A plug point: 625 mm above SFL.
    (ii) 15A power plug point: 625 mm above SFL.(except AC points)
    (iii) Bed side switch board: 700 mm
    (iv) All Bed side points: 700 mm

d) Telephone/Intercom point: 625 mm above SFL.

e) TV Antenna/Cable TV: 625 mm above SFL.

f) Distribution Board: 1600 mm above SFL.

g) Door bell switch: 1200 mm above SFL.

h) Heater connector : 2210 mm above SFL of toilet.

i) Heater Indicator (switch): 1200 mm above SFL.

j) Bell: 2500 mm above SFL

k) BKT light, above wash basin/counter in toilet: 25 mm below bottom of loft or 1950 mm above FFL of toilet.

l) 15A for A/C in living room / bedroom.: 15A plug point with 25/32A MCB/DP Switches for A/C with separate switch socket for living/dining/bedroom - as per A/C window sill level.

m) Heater connector: 15A connector /15A in Kitchen plug point below platform

n) 25/32A MCB/DP switch: 1200mm above with 6A plug point for SFL/as per plan Aqua guard.

• For all Electrical points coming on the ceramic tiles above kitchen platform shall be just above the ceramic tiles so as to avoid cutting of the tiles. For all other points not coming on ceramic tiles, it shall be 1200 mm. or as per architects kitchen plan.

• In Kitchen: Light point to be at the centre of window at 2600 mm, above SFL and 5A Exhaust plug point at the centre of window at 2500 mm above SFL (Or As per Architects Plan).– For Toilets: All points to be as per architects Plan.

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